Auad (2016) entende que “as relações de gênero, do modo como estão organizadas em nossa sociedade, são uma máquina de produzir desigualdades”. Isso porque

Conforme propõe Lenise Garcia, os temas transversais devem

Para Dowbor (2007), a ideia da educação para o desenvolvimento local está diretamente vinculada à compreensão e à necessidade de se

Vinha (1999) conta que, a partir de sua experiência como coordenadora pedagógica de uma escola de Itatiba, passou a pesquisar a área da moralidade. Nesse contexto, a autora narra que ela e o grupo de professores não queriam reproduzir a educação autoritária que tiveram, tendo como preocupação

Moran (2004) reflete sobre as mudanças na prática pedagógica diante da presença crescente das tecnologias. Na compreensão do autor, a internet

Resende (em Veiga, 1998) observa que “os referenciais que buscam a cultura da diversidade do coletivo e do multiculturalismo colidem com os referenciais epistêmicos opostos”. Para ir além do discurso democrático, a escola precisa, entre outros aspectos,

Leia o excerto a seguir, extraído do art. 12 da Resolução CNE/CEB nº 07/2010 (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Fundamental de 9 anos): “ têm origem nas disciplinas científicas, no desenvolvimento das linguagens, no mundo do trabalho, na cultura e na tecnologia, na produção artística, nas atividades desportivas e corporais, na área da saúde e ainda incorporam saberes como os que advêm das formas diversas de exercício da cidadania, dos movimentos sociais, da cultura escolar, da experiência docente, do cotidiano e dos alunos”. Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna.

O art. 215 da Constituição Federal de 1988 trata do exercício dos direitos culturais e acesso às fontes da cultura nacional, garantindo ainda o apoio e incentivo à “valorização e a difusão das manifestações culturais”. No parágrafo 1o do mesmo artigo, afirma-se que o Estado

De acordo com o art. 24 da Resolução CNE/CEB nº 04/2010 (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais Gerais para a Educação Básica), os objetivos da formação básica se ampliam e se intensificam gradativamente no processo educativo, desde a Educação Infantil até os anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, o que acontece mediante, entre outros,

Where it took off most quickly was phone-free schools, because that is something that is more easily done. It’s so hard to teach to a classroom when half of them are watching short videos and playing video games. So, the teachers have hated the phones from the beginning but they were afraid, especially in America – maybe it’s the same in other countries – but in America, there are a lot of parents who want to be able to communicate all the time with their child, and they think they have a right to check in on their child. And, ‘What if something goes wrong? I need to be there.’ So, the overparenting — ...
KK: That’s a paradox, then, because you’ve got the parents who are super worried about the phones; they see what phones are doing to their kids. But they also don’t want their kids to relinquish their phones when they go into school.
JH: Hey, look, people are complicated! They contain multitudes. And I shouldn’t say that everyone saw the problem, because there were a lot of parents who saw the phone as a lifeline. They see the world as very threatening and dangerous. But we have to focus on what it will take to allow kids to have healthy brain development through puberty. We’ve got to give kids a lot less screen time. A lot less fragmenting time. No TikTok. No short videos. Let’s give them a lot more experience interacting with people.

The sentence which starts the dialogue between interviewer and interviewee “It’s been a year since your book came out and caused a huge conversation” has a verb in the present perfect tense. Another correct use of the present perfect is found in alternative:

In the context of the fourth paragraph, the fragment “– maybe it’s the same in other countries –” functions as

The prefix over- has a variety of possible meanings. Mark the alternative in which the prefix means the same as in “overparenting” (paragraph 4).

“Relinquish” is a word we don’t see frequently and perhaps are not familiar with. In the context of the fifth paragraph “But they also don’t want their kids to relinquish their phones when they go into school.”, the word means

In case you did not yet know the meaning of the word “relinquish” before reading this text, and used contextual clues to arrive at its meaning, you employed the compensatory reading strategy known as

Mark the alternative in which the letters in bold have the same vowel sound.

O aprendiz brasileiro tende a não distinguir as diferentes pronúncias do sufixo –ed formador do passado e particípio de verbos regulares em inglês: /t/, /d/, e /ɪd/. Por influência de sua língua materna, tende a pronunciar todos os passados e particípios da mesma forma. A alternativa em que o –ed final é pronunciado assim como em “realized”, no segundo parágrafo do texto, é:

Leia o texto para responder às questões de 42 a 46:
In the literature on language learning, one particular process has commonly been singled out for explication: transfer. The term describes the carryover of previous performance or knowledge to subsequent learning. Positive transfer occurs when the prior knowledge benefits the learning task; negative transfer, or interference, occurs when previous performance disrupts the performance of a second task.
It has been common in second language teaching to stress the role of interference. This is of course not surprising, as native language interference is surely the most immediately noticeable source of error among second language learners. The saliency of interference is strong. For example, a French native speaker might say in English, “I am in New York since January,” a perfectly logical transfer of the French sentence “Je suis a New York depuis Janvier.” Because of the negative transfer of the French verb form to English, the French system has, in this case, interfered with the person’s production of a correct English form.
It is exceedingly important to remember, however, that the native language of a second language learner is often positively transferred, in which case the learner benefits from the facilitating effects of the first language. In the above sentence, for example, the correct one-to-one word order correspondence, the personal pronoun, and the preposition have been positively transferred from French to English. We often mistakenly overlook the facilitating effects of the native language in our appetite for analyzing errors in the second language and for overstressing the interfering effects of the first language.

In the excerpt from the first paragraph “Thus, as there is no equivalent in English for the ‘click’ used by Xhosa speakers, English speakers find it difficult to produce”, the word in bold introduces a

In the fragment at the end of the text “and we have a variety of different sounds for the same spelling”, the bolded word refers to

Vistas em seu conjunto, as duas frases do segundo parágrafo “This is of course not surprising, as native language interference is surely the most immediately noticeable source of error among second language learners. The saliency of interference is strong.” exemplificam

Elementary English teachers in Brazil who adequately understand the author’s claim in the text will

Enquanto palavras cognatas favorecem a transferência positiva, falsos cognatos frequentemente interferem na compreensão da língua estrangeira. Assinale a alternativa em que a palavra em negrito é um falso cognato no contexto da frase.

Há também transferências negativas em nível de estrutura frasal. A alternativa que apresenta a frase em inglês traduzida corretamente da frase em português é:

Leia o texto para responder às questões de 42 a 46:
In the literature on language learning, one particular process has commonly been singled out for explication: transfer. The term describes the carryover of previous performance or knowledge to subsequent learning. Positive transfer occurs when the prior knowledge benefits the learning task; negative transfer, or interference, occurs when previous performance disrupts the performance of a second task.
It has been common in second language teaching to stress the role of interference. This is of course not surprising, as native language interference is surely the most immediately noticeable source of error among second language learners. The saliency of interference is strong. For example, a French native speaker might say in English, “I am in New York since January,” a perfectly logical transfer of the French sentence “Je suis a New York depuis Janvier.” Because of the negative transfer of the French verb form to English, the French system has, in this case, interfered with the person’s production of a correct English form.
It is exceedingly important to remember, however, that the native language of a second language learner is often positively transferred, in which case the learner benefits from the facilitating effects of the first language. In the above sentence, for example, the correct one-to-one word order correspondence, the personal pronoun, and the preposition have been positively transferred from French to English. We often mistakenly overlook the facilitating effects of the native language in our appetite for analyzing errors in the second language and for overstressing the interfering effects of the first language.

Leia o texto para responder às questões de 42 a 46:
In the literature on language learning, one particular process has commonly been singled out for explication: transfer. The term describes the carryover of previous performance or knowledge to subsequent learning. Positive transfer occurs when the prior knowledge benefits the learning task; negative transfer, or interference, occurs when previous performance disrupts the performance of a second task.
It has been common in second language teaching to stress the role of interference. This is of course not surprising, as native language interference is surely the most immediately noticeable source of error among second language learners. The saliency of interference is strong. For example, a French native speaker might say in English, “I am in New York since January,” a perfectly logical transfer of the French sentence “Je suis a New York depuis Janvier.” Because of the negative transfer of the French verb form to English, the French system has, in this case, interfered with the person’s production of a correct English form.
It is exceedingly important to remember, however, that the native language of a second language learner is often positively transferred, in which case the learner benefits from the facilitating effects of the first language. In the above sentence, for example, the correct one-to-one word order correspondence, the personal pronoun, and the preposition have been positively transferred from French to English. We often mistakenly overlook the facilitating effects of the native language in our appetite for analyzing errors in the second language and for overstressing the interfering effects of the first language.