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“If articulators are held so as not to generate friction, but to allow air to pass between them smoothly, then we get articulations known asresonant. The degree of stricture is known as open approximation, and consonant sounds generated this way are called approximants.”
OGDEN, Richard. An Introduction to English Phonetics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009, p.33.
Considering the previews definition, which the following words DO NOT contain an approximant phoneme.
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“Finally the term “language” itself – the goal of second language learning – needs elaboration. In the early days of second language learning studies, this goal was conceived primarily in terms of grammar and vocabulary – literally, then, in terms of language elements. However, subsequent developments in linguistics and related disciplines have led to a much wider conceptualization of the knowledge and abilities that second language learners need to acquire (see for example the seminal
LITTLEWOOD, William. Second Language Learning In: DAVIES, Alan; ELDER, Catherine. The handbook of applied linguistics. Malden, Blackwell Publishing,2004. p.503.


























